Effect of Some Local Apple Cultivars on the Infestation Rate of the Codling Moth, Cydia pomonella

Abstract

The study was conducted in 2024 to determine the impact of some chemical and mineral properties of some apple cultivars on controlling codling moth, Cydia pomonella, during the various fruit ripening stages. The study was conducted in apple orchards in the Al-Abayji district of Salah Al-Din for apple cultivars Alana, Ajaimi, Sharabi, and Ibrahimi. The results obtained showed that the highest infestation rate was found in the Ibrahimi cultivar reaching 14.44%, while the lowest infestation rate was in the Alana cultivar, reaching 2.92%. The study results also showed that the total soluble solids (TSS) content was highest in the Alana cultivar, reaching 8.15%, whereas the lowest was in the Ibrahimi cultivar, reaching 7.66%. The highest total sugar was 5.43% in the Sharabi cultivar, and the lowest was in the Ajaimi cultivar (4.75%). The highest concentration of ascorbic acid was recorded in the Alana cultivar (3.21 mg/g). The pectin and protein contents wre highest in the Ibrahimi cultivar (1.36%). Regarding minerals, the Ajaimi cultivar excelled in potassium (1.60%) and calcium (1.34%) content. Furthermore, phenol compounds and flavonoids were associated with resistance to infestation, with the Ibrahimi cultivar having the highest flavonoid content (149.33 mg/g).

Keywords:

Apple cultivars, Cydia pomonella, codling moth, infestation rate, chemical and mineral composition, fruit quality.